A song is a combination of lyrics and melody with harmony or rhythm, often with a specific structure of repeating verses and choruses. Depending on the genre, it may be sung a cappella (without instruments), or with instrumental accompaniment such as an acoustic guitar, piano, organ, saxophone, bass, etc. In general, songs last about three minutes.
The song structure is a key element in the songwriting process, as it provides a common language for musicians and songwriters to communicate their ideas effectively. Knowing how songs are structured can help you plan your next project more efficiently and help you write better songs.
Unlike poetry, which typically rhymes in an AABB or AAB pattern, a song’s lyrics are usually syllable-based and have a set rhythm to their lines. This gives a song its melodic and lyrical hook. Depending on the genre, it may also be set to a specific musical chord progression, or be written in an alternating ABAB style.
The bridge is an optional section in the song, and can be used to add variation, anticipation, or room to breathe in the middle of the track. This can be accomplished through a change in key (for example, from A-Minor to C-Major), or through an instrumental break, such as a guitar solo. The outro is the final part of a song, and the way in which it’s played can make or break its impact. It can be as simple as a repetition of the chorus, or as complex as a dramatic resolution.