Love is a complex and multifaceted concept. It can evoke intense emotions, from the euphoric rush of passion to the bittersweet longing of jealousy. It can be hard to define, and it is often a topic of controversy. Nevertheless, it is one of the most important emotions in human life.
Some scholars and scientists see love as a basic mammalian drive similar to hunger or thirst, while others view it as more of a social and cultural phenomenon. Whatever the case, love is influenced by hormones like oxytocin and neurotrophins such as norepinephrine. It also involves social and cultural factors, such as the way we think about love and our expectations of relationships.
When we first fall in love, an area of the brain called the ventral tegmental area floods with dopamine. This explains why we feel a rush around our crush and we can’t stop thinking about them. But as relationships continue, those heightened feelings begin to fade. In its place, a deeper sense of attachment and security emerges. As a result, levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin drop, and other chemicals that suppress intrusive thoughts become more active.
Research suggests that true, lasting love requires an investment of time and effort, as well as the ability to tolerate difficult or unpleasant emotions. In addition, it is important to look out for red flags. A partner who treats you with disrespect or disregard, neglects your needs, or seems to be keeping you at arm’s length is not a good match.