For millennia, philosophers, prophets and poets have debated what love is – and how to cultivate it. Scientists, on the other hand, haven’t been quite as comfortable exploring it in a lab. But recently, researchers have become more comfortable with investigating love’s effects on the brain and body.
The biological basis of love lies in two specific areas of the brain: the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens. They play an essential role in the brain’s reward system, which triggers feelings of euphoria and pleasure when you’re around someone you like. That’s why you might feel butterflies in your stomach and have a racing heart when you’re in the early stages of falling in love.
Once your lust and attraction stabilize, they can transform into long-term attachment, which is triggered by the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin. When you’re in this stage of love, you feel comfort and trust. It’s the kind of feeling you have when you see your best friend after a long absence or when you snuggle up on the couch with your partner after a tough day.
The ultimate definition of love is about the relationships we choose to build and nurture. A recent study found that people consider their family, friends and community as the greatest sources of happiness. They also value their health, financial security and a sense of purpose. This is why it’s important to have healthy, happy relationships and to treat others with respect – even when you disagree.